Geological Timeline

The formation of the Niagara Escarpment began 430 to 450 million years ago, when the area lay under a shallow warm sea. This sea lay in a depression of the earth’s crust, the centre of which is now called the State of Michigan.  Now geologically known as the Michigan Basin, the outer rim of this massive saucer-shaped feature defines the Niagara Escarpment.

The rocks at the base of the Niagara Escarpment of are Late Ordovician age (approximately 450 million years ago). Those that comprise the major part of the Escarpment proper belong in the Early and Middle Silurian age (approximately 400 million years ago).

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